Future Goals
1. Helping the homeless
2. Reaching out to young people in the inner city (Guts to Serve)
3. Start campus ministries
4. Relevant youth conferences
5. Excellent youth training and materials
6. Starting Vineyard community centers
7. Starting schools and orphanages
Original post by Administrator and software by Elliott Back
Future trip to Nepal! It’s going to be awesome! I’ve just had the heart for Nepal and had many others like PD who has been praying for the place since 1997. Come to find out through our contacts in Vineyard, we have finally found a way into Nepal. We want to just go and serve the people. One thing we don’t want to do is to go in and set up what we believe or change their culture, but we just want to serve them and show them the love of God in practical ways!
Original post by Administrator and software by Elliott Back
Do you think stories in the bible just can’t happen or that it can only happen to people who are great? My team and I are enjoying every moment of being together with Him. We went to Mexico with no plan and with no contacts and our main goal were to set up contacts along the way from Cancun to Ticul. Well, one thing that I can tell you is that God doesn’t use great people and that our God is still the same as the past! He is strong at work today as He was back then. He has proven to me, Sung-min, and Patrick, who were just crazy enough to hear God and jump out of our rental car to talk to people who don’t speak the same language. We looked at each other and our possible contact for 15 minutes not getting any information across, yet they […]
Original post by Administrator and software by Elliott Back
I have been praying that I would be able to go overseas to Cambodia. I had the desire since the first time our church went to Cambodia in ‘03. The time period that I had to wait didn’t mean a thing after I got there. It was as if all the brokenness and hurt over the past two years just went away when I landed in Cambodia and just joined our God where He was already at work. I knew exactly what the mission team was talking about during their missions report as I got to meet and spend time with the locals.
I couldn’t of ask for a better first trip. The trip was with four other team members: Yong, Sydney, Hoang, and Thao. They were the ones who did most of the work and pretty much led the whole trip. This trip definitely couldn’t of happened without them.
Cambodia has […]
Original post by Administrator and software by Elliott Back
This is our photo album. It’s still under construction and there will be more to come.
To view the album, click here
Original post by Administrator and software by Elliott Back
The kids at GTS
Vision
Igniting a generation with God’s heart for the poor and all the nations
Purposes
Fuel- SparkPlug Ministries sponsors ministries and events that ignites passion in this generation
Engine- SparkPlug Ministries believes this generation will drive thenext great move of God
Key- SparkPlug Ministries desires God’s heart to be the center of all that we do
Finish Line- The goal of this ministry is to reach the youth, the poor, and the nations
Original post by Administrator and software by Elliott Back
Vision:
Showing God’s love in a practical way while Consuming the World along the way
Purpose:
Go!- Go to the World
Spread!- Spread the kingdom
Fire!- The Way
Original post by Administrator and software by Elliott Back
In life, there is no other choice but to run home to the Father. The Father always waits with open arms for his children who run back to him. And he protects you from every kind of danger. As long as you stay with him you can be confident that you will always win!
– peterK
The Declaration of Independence: A Transcription
IN CONGRESS, July 4, 1776.
The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America,
When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one
people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with
another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and
equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature’s God entitle
them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they
should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created
equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable
Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of
Happiness.–That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted
among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed,
–That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these
ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to
institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and
organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely
to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate
that Governments long established should not be changed for light and
transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that
mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than
to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are
accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing
invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under
absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off
such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future
security.–Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies; and
such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former
Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain
is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct
object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To
prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world.
He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.
He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing
importance, unless suspended in their operation till his Assent should
be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend
to them.
He has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large
districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of
Representation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and
formidable to tyrants only.
He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual,
uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public Records,
for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his
measures.
He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people.
He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, to cause
others to be elected; whereby the Legislative powers, incapable of
Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise;
the State remaining in the mean time exposed to all the dangers of
invasion from without, and convulsions within.
He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these States; for that
purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing
to pass others to encourage their migrations hither, and raising the
conditions of new Appropriations of Lands.
He has obstructed the Administration of Justice, by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary powers.
He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone, for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries.
He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent hither swarms of
Officers to harrass our people, and eat out their substance.
He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures.
He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil power.
He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to
our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his Assent to
their Acts of pretended Legislation:
For Quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:
For protecting them, by a mock Trial, from punishment for any Murders
which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States:
For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world:
For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent:
For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury:
For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offences
For abolishing the free System of English Laws in a neighbouring
Province, establishing therein an Arbitrary government, and enlarging
its Boundaries so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument
for introducing the same absolute rule into these Colonies:
For taking away our Charters, abolishing our most valuable Laws, and altering fundamentally the Forms of our Governments:
For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever.
He has abdicated Government here, by declaring us out of his Protection and waging War against us.
He has plundered our seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.
He is at this time transporting large Armies of foreign Mercenaries to
compleat the works of death, desolation and tyranny, already begun with
circumstances of Cruelty & perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most
barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the Head of a civilized nation.
He has constrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas
to bear Arms against their Country, to become the executioners of their
friends and Brethren, or to fall themselves by their Hands.
He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeavoured
to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian
Savages, whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction
of all ages, sexes and conditions.
In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for Redress
in the most humble terms: Our repeated Petitions have been answered
only by repeated injury. A Prince whose character is thus marked by
every act which may define a Tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free
people.
Nor have We been wanting in attentions to our Brittish brethren. We
have warned them from time to time of attempts by their legislature to
extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of
the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have
appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured
them by the ties of our common kindred to disavow these usurpations,
which, would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence.
They too have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity.
We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which denounces our
Separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, Enemies in
War, in Peace Friends.
We, therefore, the Representatives of the united States of America,
in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the
world for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the Name, and by
Authority of the good People of these Colonies, solemnly publish and
declare, That these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free
and Independent States; that they are Absolved from all Allegiance to
the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and
the State of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and
that as Free and Independent States, they have full Power to levy War,
conclude Peace, contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and to do all
other Acts and Things which Independent States may of right do. And for
the support of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection
of divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our
Fortunes and our sacred Honor.
The 56 signatures on the Declaration appear in the positions indicated:
Column 1
Georgia:
Button Gwinnett
Lyman Hall
George Walton
Column 2
North Carolina:
William Hooper
Joseph Hewes
John Penn
South Carolina:
Edward Rutledge
Thomas Heyward, Jr.
Thomas Lynch, Jr.
Arthur Middleton
Column 3
Massachusetts:
John Hancock
Maryland:
Samuel Chase
William Paca
Thomas Stone
Charles Carroll of Carrollton
Virginia:
George Wythe
Richard Henry Lee
Thomas Jefferson
Benjamin Harrison
Thomas Nelson, Jr.
Francis Lightfoot Lee
Carter Braxton
Column 4
Pennsylvania:
Robert Morris
Benjamin Rush
Benjamin Franklin
John Morton
George Clymer
James Smith
George Taylor
James Wilson
George Ross
Delaware:
Caesar Rodney
George Read
Thomas McKean
Column 5
New York:
William Floyd
Philip Livingston
Francis Lewis
Lewis Morris
New Jersey:
Richard Stockton
John Witherspoon
Francis Hopkinson
John Hart
Abraham Clark
Column 6
New Hampshire:
Josiah Bartlett
William Whipple
Massachusetts:
Samuel Adams
John Adams
Robert Treat Paine
Elbridge Gerry
Rhode Island:
Stephen Hopkins
William Ellery
Connecticut:
Roger Sherman
Samuel Huntington
William Williams
Oliver Wolcott
New Hampshire:
Matthew Thornton
Original post by Dustin and software by Elliott Back
To all to whom these Presents shall come, we the undersigned Delegates of the States affixed to our Names send greeting.
Articles of Confederation and perpetual Union between the states of
New Hampshire, Massachusetts-bay Rhode Island and Providence
Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware,
Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia.
I.
The Stile of this Confederacy shall be
“The United States of America”.
II.
Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom,
and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right, which is
not by this Confederation expressly delegated to the United States, in
Congress assembled.
III.
The said States hereby severally enter into a firm
league of friendship with each other, for their common defense, the
security of their liberties, and their mutual and general welfare,
binding themselves to assist each other, against all force offered to,
or attacks made upon them, or any of them, on account of religion,
sovereignty, trade, or any other pretense whatever.
IV.
The better to secure and perpetuate mutual friendship
and intercourse among the people of the different States in this Union,
the free inhabitants of each of these States, paupers, vagabonds, and
fugitives from justice excepted, shall be entitled to all privileges
and immunities of free citizens in the several States; and the people
of each State shall free ingress and regress to and from any other
State, and shall enjoy therein all the privileges of trade and
commerce, subject to the same duties, impositions, and restrictions as
the inhabitants thereof respectively, provided that such restrictions
shall not extend so far as to prevent the removal of property imported
into any State, to any other State, of which the owner is an
inhabitant; provided also that no imposition, duties or restriction
shall be laid by any State, on the property of the United States, or
either of them.
If any person guilty of, or charged with, treason, felony, or other
high misdemeanor in any State, shall flee from justice, and be found in
any of the United States, he shall, upon demand of the Governor or
executive power of the State from which he fled, be delivered up and
removed to the State having jurisdiction of his offense.
Full faith and credit shall be given in each of these States to the
records, acts, and judicial proceedings of the courts and magistrates
of every other State.
V.
For the most convenient management of the general
interests of the United States, delegates shall be annually appointed
in such manner as the legislatures of each State shall direct, to meet
in Congress on the first Monday in November, in every year, with a
power reserved to each State to recall its delegates, or any of them,
at any time within the year, and to send others in their stead for the
remainder of the year.
No State shall be represented in Congress by less than two, nor more
than seven members; and no person shall be capable of being a delegate
for more than three years in any term of six years; nor shall any
person, being a delegate, be capable of holding any office under the
United States, for which he, or another for his benefit, receives any
salary, fees or emolument of any kind.
Each State shall maintain its own delegates in a meeting of the
States, and while they act as members of the committee of the States.
In determining questions in the United States in Congress assembled, each State shall have one vote.
Freedom of speech and debate in Congress shall not be impeached or
questioned in any court or place out of Congress, and the members of
Congress shall be protected in their persons from arrests or
imprisonments, during the time of their going to and from, and
attendence on Congress, except for treason, felony, or breach of the
peace.
VI.
No State, without the consent of the United States in
Congress assembled, shall send any embassy to, or receive any embassy
from, or enter into any conference, agreement, alliance or treaty with
any King, Prince or State; nor shall any person holding any office of
profit or trust under the United States, or any of them, accept any
present, emolument, office or title of any kind whatever from any King,
Prince or foreign State; nor shall the United States in Congress
assembled, or any of them, grant any title of nobility.
No two or more States shall enter into any treaty, confederation or
alliance whatever between them, without the consent of the United
States in Congress assembled, specifying accurately the purposes for
which the same is to be entered into, and how long it shall continue.
No State shall lay any imposts or duties, which may interfere with
any stipulations in treaties, entered into by the United States in
Congress assembled, with any King, Prince or State, in pursuance of any
treaties already proposed by Congress, to the courts of France and
Spain.
No vessel of war shall be kept up in time of peace by any State,
except such number only, as shall be deemed necessary by the United
States in Congress assembled, for the defense of such State, or its
trade; nor shall any body of forces be kept up by any State in time of
peace, except such number only, as in the judgement of the United
States in Congress assembled, shall be deemed requisite to garrison the
forts necessary for the defense of such State; but every State shall
always keep up a well-regulated and disciplined militia, sufficiently
armed and accoutered, and shall provide and constantly have ready for
use, in public stores, a due number of filed pieces and tents, and a
proper quantity of arms, ammunition and camp equipage.
No State shall engage in any war without the consent of the United
States in Congress assembled, unless such State be actually invaded by
enemies, or shall have received certain advice of a resolution being
formed by some nation of Indians to invade such State, and the danger
is so imminent as not to admit of a delay till the United States in
Congress assembled can be consulted; nor shall any State grant
commissions to any ships or vessels of war, nor letters of marque or
reprisal, except it be after a declaration of war by the United States
in Congress assembled, and then only against the Kingdom or State and
the subjects thereof, against which war has been so declared, and under
such regulations as shall be established by the United States in
Congress assembled, unless such State be infested by pirates, in which
case vessels of war may be fitted out for that occasion, and kept so
long as the danger shall continue, or until the United States in
Congress assembled shall determine otherwise.
VII.
When land forces are raised by any State for the
common defense, all officers of or under the rank of colonel, shall be
appointed by the legislature of each State respectively, by whom such
forces shall be raised, or in such manner as such State shall direct,
and all vacancies shall be filled up by the State which first made the
appointment.
VIII.
All charges of war, and all other expenses that
shall be incurred for the common defense or general welfare, and
allowed by the United States in Congress assembled, shall be defrayed
out of a common treasury, which shall be supplied by the several States
in proportion to the value of all land within each State, granted or
surveyed for any person, as such land and the buildings and
improvements thereon shall be estimated according to such mode as the
United States in Congress assembled, shall from time to time direct and
appoint.
The taxes for paying that proportion shall be laid and levied by the
authority and direction of the legislatures of the several States
within the time agreed upon by the United States in Congress assembled.
IX.
The United States in Congress assembled, shall have
the sole and exclusive right and power of determining on peace and war,
except in the cases mentioned in the sixth article — of sending and
receiving ambassadors — entering into treaties and alliances, provided
that no treaty of commerce shall be made whereby the legislative power
of the respective States shall be restrained from imposing such imposts
and duties on foreigners, as their own people are subjected to, or from
prohibiting the exportation or importation of any species of goods or
commodities whatsoever — of establishing rules for deciding in all
cases, what captures on land or water shall be legal, and in what
manner prizes taken by land or naval forces in the service of the
United States shall be divided or appropriated — of granting letters
of marque and reprisal in times of peace — appointing courts for the
trial of piracies and felonies commited on the high seas and
establishing courts for receiving and determining finally appeals in
all cases of captures, provided that no member of Congress shall be
appointed a judge of any of the said courts.
The United States in Congress assembled shall also be the last
resort on appeal in all disputes and differences now subsisting or that
hereafter may arise between two or more States concerning boundary,
jurisdiction or any other causes whatever; which authority shall always
be exercised in the manner following. Whenever the legislative or
executive authority or lawful agent of any State in controversy with
another shall present a petition to Congress stating the matter in
question and praying for a hearing, notice thereof shall be given by
order of Congress to the legislative or executive authority of the
other State in controversy, and a day assigned for the appearance of
the parties by their lawful agents, who shall then be directed to
appoint by joint consent, commissioners or judges to constitute a court
for hearing and determining the matter in question: but if they cannot
agree, Congress shall name three persons out of each of the United
States, and from the list of such persons each party shall alternately
strike out one, the petitioners beginning, until the number shall be
reduced to thirteen; and from that number not less than seven, nor more
than nine names as Congress shall direct, shall in the presence of
Congress be drawn out by lot, and the persons whose names shall be so
drawn or any five of them, shall be commissioners or judges, to hear
and finally determine the controversy, so always as a major part of the
judges who shall hear the cause shall agree in the determination: and
if either party shall neglect to attend at the day appointed, without
showing reasons, which Congress shall judge sufficient, or being
present shall refuse to strike, the Congress shall proceed to nominate
three persons out of each State, and the secretary of Congress shall
strike in behalf of such party absent or refusing; and the judgement
and sentence of the court to be appointed, in the manner before
prescribed, shall be final and conclusive; and if any of the parties
shall refuse to submit to the authority of such court, or to appear or
defend their claim or cause, the court shall nevertheless proceed to
pronounce sentence, or judgement, which shall in like manner be final
and decisive, the judgement or sentence and other proceedings being in
either case transmitted to Congress, and lodged among the acts of
Congress for the security of the parties concerned: provided that every
commissioner, before he sits in judgement, shall take an oath to be
administered by one of the judges of the supreme or superior court of
the State, where the cause shall be tried, ‘well and truly to hear and
determine the matter in question, according to the best of his
judgement, without favor, affection or hope of reward’: provided also,
that no State shall be deprived of territory for the benefit of the
United States.
All controversies concerning the private right of soil claimed under
different grants of two or more States, whose jurisdictions as they may
respect such lands, and the States which passed such grants are
adjusted, the said grants or either of them being at the same time
claimed to have originated antecedent to such settlement of
jurisdiction, shall on the petition of either party to the Congress of
the United States, be finally determined as near as may be in the same
manner as is before presecribed for deciding disputes respecting
territorial jurisdiction between different States.
The United States in Congress assembled shall also have the sole and
exclusive right and power of regulating the alloy and value of coin
struck by their own authority, or by that of the respective States —
fixing the standards of weights and measures throughout the United
States — regulating the trade and managing all affairs with the
Indians, not members of any of the States, provided that the
legislative right of any State within its own limits be not infringed
or violated — establishing or regulating post offices from one State
to another, throughout all the United States, and exacting such postage
on the papers passing through the same as may be requisite to defray
the expenses of the said office — appointing all officers of the land
forces, in the service of the United States, excepting regimental
officers — appointing all the officers of the naval forces, and
commissioning all officers whatever in the service of the United States
— making rules for the government and regulation of the said land and
naval forces, and directing their operations.
The United States in Congress assembled shall have authority to
appoint a committee, to sit in the recess of Congress, to be
denominated ‘A Committee of the States’, and to consist of one delegate
from each State; and to appoint such other committees and civil
officers as may be necessary for managing the general affairs of the
United States under their direction — to appoint one of their members
to preside, provided that no person be allowed to serve in the office
of president more than one year in any term of three years; to
ascertain the necessary sums of money to be raised for the service of
the United States, and to appropriate and apply the same for defraying
the public expenses — to borrow money, or emit bills on the credit of
the United States, transmitting every half-year to the respective
States an account of the sums of money so borrowed or emitted — to
build and equip a navy — to agree upon the number of land forces, and
to make requisitions from each State for its quota, in proportion to
the number of white inhabitants in such State; which requisition shall
be binding, and thereupon the legislature of each State shall appoint
the regimental officers, raise the men and cloath, arm and equip them
in a solid-like manner, at the expense of the United States; and the
officers and men so cloathed, armed and equipped shall march to the
place appointed, and within the time agreed on by the United States in
Congress assembled. But if the United States in Congress assembled
shall, on consideration of circumstances judge proper that any State
should not raise men, or should raise a smaller number of men than the
quota thereof, such extra number shall be raised, officered, cloathed,
armed and equipped in the same manner as the quota of each State,
unless the legislature of such State shall judge that such extra number
cannot be safely spread out in the same, in which case they shall
raise, officer, cloath, arm and equip as many of such extra number as
they judeg can be safely spared. And the officers and men so cloathed,
armed, and equipped, shall march to the place appointed, and within the
time agreed on by the United States in Congress assembled.
The United States in Congress assembled shall never engage in a war,
nor grant letters of marque or reprisal in time of peace, nor enter
into any treaties or alliances, nor coin money, nor regulate the value
thereof, nor ascertain the sums and expenses necessary for the defense
and welfare of the United States, or any of them, nor emit bills, nor
borrow money on the credit of the United States, nor appropriate money,
nor agree upon the number of vessels of war, to be built or purchased,
or the number of land or sea forces to be raised, nor appoint a
commander in chief of the army or navy, unless nine States assent to
the same: nor shall a question on any other point, except for
adjourning from day to day be determined, unless by the votes of the
majority of the United States in Congress assembled.
The Congress of the United States shall have power to adjourn to any
time within the year, and to any place within the United States, so
that no period of adjournment be for a longer duration than the space
of six months, and shall publish the journal of their proceedings
monthly, except such parts thereof relating to treaties, alliances or
military operations, as in their judgement require secrecy; and the
yeas and nays of the delegates of each State on any question shall be
entered on the journal, when it is desired by any delegates of a State,
or any of them, at his or their request shall be furnished with a
transcript of the said journal, except such parts as are above
excepted, to lay before the legislatures of the several States.
X.
The Committee of the States, or any nine of them,
shall be authorized to execute, in the recess of Congress, such of the
powers of Congress as the United States in Congress assembled, by the
consent of the nine States, shall from time to time think expedient to
vest them with; provided that no power be delegated to the said
Committee, for the exercise of which, by the Articles of Confederation,
the voice of nine States in the Congress of the United States assembled
be requisite.
XI.
Canada acceding to this confederation, and adjoining
in the measures of the United States, shall be admitted into, and
entitled to all the advantages of this Union; but no other colony shall
be admitted into the same, unless such admission be agreed to by nine
States.
XII.
All bills of credit emitted, monies borrowed, and
debts contracted by, or under the authority of Congress, before the
assembling of the United States, in pursuance of the present
confederation, shall be deemed and considered as a charge against the
United States, for payment and satisfaction whereof the said United
States, and the public faith are hereby solemnly pleged.
XIII.
Every State shall abide by the determination of the
United States in Congress assembled, on all questions which by this
confederation are submitted to them. And the Articles of this
Confederation shall be inviolably observed by every State, and the
Union shall be perpetual; nor shall any alteration at any time
hereafter be made in any of them; unless such alteration be agreed to
in a Congress of the United States, and be afterwards confirmed by the
legislatures of every State.
And Whereas it hath pleased the Great Governor of the World to
incline the hearts of the legislatures we respectively represent in
Congress, to approve of, and to authorize us to ratify the said
Articles of Confederation and perpetual Union. Know Ye that we the
undersigned delegates, by virtue of the power and authority to us given
for that purpose, do by these presents, in the name and in behalf of
our respective constituents, fully and entirely ratify and confirm each
and every of the said Articles of Confederation and perpetual Union,
and all and singular the matters and things therein contained: And we
do further solemnly plight and engage the faith of our respective
constituents, that they shall abide by the determinations of the United
States in Congress assembled, on all questions, which by the said
Confederation are submitted to them. And that the Articles thereof
shall be inviolably observed by the States we respectively represent,
and that the Union shall be perpetual.
In Witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands in Congress. Done
at Philadelphia in the State of Pennsylvania the ninth day of July in
the Year of our Lord One Thousand Seven Hundred and Seventy-Eight, and
in the Third Year of the independence of America.
Agreed to by Congress 15 November 1777 In force after ratification by Maryland, 1 March 1781
Transcription courtesy of the Avalon Project at Yale Law School.
Original post by Dustin and software by Elliott Back